Successful GPS/GIS utility mapping requires access to the project area, suitable GPS/GNSS equipment, GIS mapping software, and reliable information about the utilities being documented. Before fieldwork begins, the mapping area and project objectives should be clearly defined so technicians can determine which underground and above-ground utility assets need to be located and recorded.

Technicians may use GPS/GNSS receivers, electromagnetic utility locators, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), GIS software, site plans, and existing utility records to collect and organize location data. Depending on the project, mapping can include electrical lines, water pipes, sewer systems, gas lines, telecommunications cables, valves, manholes, meters, and other infrastructure. Available as-built drawings, utility plans, and previous survey information can also support the mapping process.

Site conditions such as satellite visibility, buildings, trees, terrain, utility depth, accessibility, and the accuracy requirements of the project can influence data collection. After field information is gathered, utility locations and relevant attributes can be organized within a GIS database or digital map. Proper data collection and documentation help improve asset management, support construction planning, simplify future maintenance, and provide reliable infrastructure records for future projects.